Uro vitamins and probiotics: are they worth the price to prevent UTIs and protect your vaginal health? Board-certified OBGYN Dr. Jennifer Lincoln has been asked to review these products MANY times and today she’s finally doing it…watch and see what she (and the evidence) says is worth it….and what you can skip.

0:00 Intro
1:23 Uro urinary tract vitamins
4:43 Uro vaginal probiotic capsules
6:16 The worst part

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REFERENCES and RESOURCES to go deeper:

1. Xia JY, Yang C, Xu DF, Xia H, Yang LG, Sun GJ. Consumption of cranberry as adjuvant therapy for urinary tract infections in susceptible populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis. PLoS One. 2021 Sep 2;16(9):e0256992. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256992. PMID: 34473789; PMCID: PMC8412316.

2. Williams G, Hahn D, Stephens JH, Craig JC, Hodson EM. Cranberries for preventing urinary tract infections. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2023, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD001321. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001321.pub6. Accessed 07 May 2023.

3. Cooper TE, Teng C, Howell M, Teixeira-Pinto A, Jaure A, Wong G. D‐mannose for preventing and treating urinary tract infections. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2022, Issue 8. Art. No.: CD013608. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD013608.pub2. Accessed 07 May 2023.

4. van de Wijgert J, Verwijs MC. Lactobacilli-containing vaginal probiotics to cure or prevent bacterial or fungal vaginal dysbiosis: a systematic review and recommendations for future trial designs. BJOG. 2020 Jan;127(2):287-299. doi: 10.1111/1471-0528.15870. Epub 2019 Aug 8. PMID: 31299136.

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If you’re new here, welcome! I’m a board-certified OBGYN who uses social media to educate, bust myths, and give you the sex education you wish you got in high school. I cover reproductive health from periods to birth control and doctor’s visits to how to feel good. All free of shame and judgement….because that’s how it should always be. Be sure to subscribe and turn on notifications so you never miss an upload.

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DISCLAIMER: None of this content constitutes direct medical advice or constitutes a patient-doctor relationship. Views expressed here do not represent the views of Dr. Lincoln’s employer. For personalized medical advice, consult with your doctor.

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Gummy vitamins are increasingly popular—and not just for kids.
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Millions of people swear by vitamin and mineral supplements, but a new massive report may have consumers thinking twice before refilling their next bottle. NBC’s senior consumer investigative correspondent Vicky Nguyen reports for TODAY on whether or not you really need daily supplements. 

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#Health #Vitamins #Supplements
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Do Vitamins Break a Fast? Supplements and Intermittent Fasting

Study – Rejuvenation Research

To understand how fasting might make cells stronger, researchers recruited 24 people and asked them to practice an intermittent fasting diet for two three-week periods

The study was designed as a 10-week double-crossover trial, consisting of two 3-week treatment periods – IF and IF with antioxidant supplementation

Each 3-week treatment period was preceded by a 1-week pre-conditioning period used to establish baseline caloric intake and to acclimate the participants to study-provided food.

During the first fasting period, participants ate a specially calibrated diet and during the second three week period, they ate that diet and took oral supplements of Vitamin C and Vitamin E

Because researchers just wanted to focus on how intermittent fasting affected cells, and not weight loss, participants ate 175% of their normal daily calorie intake on feasting days, and 25% of their normal daily intake on fasting days to prevent weight loss

They ate typical American food – things like pasta, chicken, sandwiches and desserts like ice cream, and took samples of blood before they started and just after they ended the diet so they could compare levels of byproducts of oxidative stress and markers of strong cell functioning

During the first three week period researchers attempted to see if fasting would increase oxidative stress (free radicals) in each person’s cells and to see if this stress actually led to stronger, more resilient cells

Looked to see if taking antioxidants in the second fasting period would block the free radicals caused by the fasting, preventing the cells from becoming more resilient

In other words, they wanted to know if Vitamin C and E would shelter the cells to the point that they wouldn’t be ready to stand up for themselves later on

Results

Found that in response to fasting every other day, the cells made more copies of a gene called SIRT3, which is part of a pathway that works to prevent free radical production and improve cellular repair processes

Specifically, there was a 2.7% increase in SIRT3 expression due to the IF diet, but no change in expression of other genes or oxidative stress markers analyzed

Also found a significant decrease in levels of circulating insulin, a sign that the participants bodies were more responsive to this hormone

One surprising finding is that when participants took daily oral supplements of Vitamin C and E, the benefits from fasting disappeared

It seems that because the cells were relatively sheltered from experiencing any oxidative stress that may have been caused by fasting every other day, they didn’t respond by increasing their natural defenses and improving their sensitivity to insulin and other stress signals

This suggests that low levels of environmental stress from things like fasting are actually good for our bodies, and that antioxidant supplements, while potentially good at certain times, might actually prevent our normal healthy cellular responses in other situations

Antioxidants & Autophagy

In turns out that some level of ROS production is required for the normal regulation of autophagy as well

A team of researchers at the University of Cambridge explored the relationship between autophagy and the production or reactive oxidative species

They found that it is possible to induce autophagy without increasing toxic ROS and that some antioxidants reduce autophagy

They looked at two types of non-HD cells (HeLa and COS-7 renal cells), adding rapamycin, an antibiotic, and trehalose, a sugar, both of which have been shown to induce autophagy

Each increased autophagy but neither increased ROS.
Next they looked at the effect of various antioxidants on autophagy in the COS-7 renal cells.

Autophagy was measured by levels of LC3-II, a marker for autophagosome formation and autophagosome-lysosome fusion

They looked at N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC), cystamine (in the pipeline as a potential HD treatment), and glutathione

All three impaired the induction of autophagy by trehalose in a dose dependent manner – they also looked at the effect of NAC and cystamine on rapamycin induced autophagy and on basal (normal, not induced levels of) autophagy and got similar results.

Also found that vitamin E impaired autophagy as well

Resources

1) https://hdsa.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/13680.pdf
2) http://roguehealthandfitness.com/the-downside-of-antioxidants/
3) https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/how-fasting-might-make-our-cells-more-resilient-stress/
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Make an appointment with Camila Passias, MD: http://www.mountsinai.org/profiles/camila-a-passias
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Camila Passias, MD is a board-certified primary care doctor at Mount Sinai Doctors, seeing patients Tuesday, Wednesday, and Friday in Brooklyn Heights. Trained in Boston and New York City, she is certified by the American Board of Internal Medicine and a member of the American College of Physicians and the Society of General Internal Medicine. She was awarded her medical degree from Tufts University School of Medicine and completed her residency in Internal Medicine at NYU School of Medicine. Prior to joining Mount Sinai Doctors, she worked for Gouverneur Health, a community health center affiliated with NYU School of Medicine. During that time, she served as a clinician educator with both residents and medical students. She has a particular interest in women’s health. Dr. Passias is fluent in Spanish.

Mount Sinai Doctors, located at 300 Cadman Plaza West, is a two-floor multispecialty practice with a walk-in urgent care center and more than 35 specialties, including Adolescent Medicine, Allergy, Cardiology, Dermatology, Diabetes Education, Endocrinology, Gastroenterology, General Surgery, Infectious Disease, Maternal & Fetal Medicine, Nephrology, OBGYN, Ophthalmology, Optometry & Optical Shop, Orthopedics, Pediatrics, Pulmonology, Radiology, Rheumatology, Travel Medicine, Urology, and Vascular Surgery. The practice is located at 300 Cadman Plaza West, on the 17th and 18th floors, in Brooklyn Heights. You can make appointments online at http://www.mountsinai.org/bh or via ZocDoc at http://bit.ly/29LNAIG
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Vitamins are essential substances that our body needs in order to grow, develop normally and maintain its functions. This videos covers vitamins A, B, C and D and their functions in the human body, ways where we can obtain them in our diet and the health outcomes when there is a deficiency in our body. This video was created by a group of McMaster University students in a knowledge translation course for the Demystifying Medicine series: Soheil El-azzouni, Stanley Chen, Sara Halawa, Yuxin (Tiffany) Tian and Kimberly Young.

Copyright McMaster University 2014

Vitamins

A vitamin is an organic compound required as a nutrient in tiny amounts by an organism. The term vitamin was derived from “vitamine,” a combination word from vita and amine, meaning amine of life, because it was suggested that the organic micronutrient food factors which prevented beriberi and perhaps other similar dietary-deficiency diseases, might be chemical amines. This proved incorrect for the micronutrient class, and the word was shortened. Today, a chemical compound is called a vitamin when it cannot be synthesized in sufficient quantities by an organism, and must be obtained from the diet. Thus, the term is conditional both on the circumstances and the particular organism. For example, ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is a vitamin for humans, but not for most other animals, and biotin and vitamin D are required in the human diet only in certain circumstances. The term vitamin does not include other essential nutrients such as dietary minerals, essential fatty acids, or essential amino acids, nor does it encompass the large number of other nutrients that promote health but are otherwise required less often.
Vitamins are classified by their biological and chemical activity, not their structure. Thus, each “vitamin” refers to a number of vitamer compounds that all show the biological activity associated with a particular vitamin. Such a set of chemicals are grouped under an alphabetized vitamin “generic descriptor” title, such as “vitamin A”, which includes the compounds retinal, retinol, and four known carotenoids. Vitamers by definition are convertible to the active form of the vitamin in the body, and are sometimes inter-convertible to one another, as well.
Vitamins have diverse biochemical functions. Some have hormone-like functions as regulators of mineral metabolism (e.g. vitamin D), or regulators of cell and tissue growth and differentiation (e.g. some forms of vitamin A). Others function as antioxidants (e.g. vitamin E and sometimes vitamin C).[3] The largest number of vitamins (e.g. B complex vitamins) function as precursors for enzyme cofactors, that help enzymes in their work as catalysts in metabolism. In this role, vitamins may be tightly bound to enzymes as part of prosthetic groups: for example, biotin is part of enzymes involved in making fatty acids. Alternately, vitamins may also be less tightly bound to enzyme catalysts as coenzymes, detachable molecules which function to carry chemical groups or electrons between molecules. For example, folic acid carries various forms of carbon group methyl, formyl and methylene – in the cell. Although these roles in assisting enzyme-substrate reactions are vitamins’ best-known function, the other vitamin functions are equally important.
Until the 1900s, vitamins were obtained solely through food intake, and changes in diet (which, for example, could occur during a particular growing season) can alter the types and amounts of vitamins ingested. Vitamins have been produced as commodity chemicals and made widely available as inexpensive pills for several decades, allowing supplementation of the dietary intake.

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Gabrielle Judd, RD, CNSC, LDN explains the importance of getting vitamins and minerals from your food after a cancer diagnosis.

Learn more about Cancer Survivorship at UMGCCC: http://umm.gd/2tZGuev.
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Should we be taking vitamin and mineral supplements? There is, unfortunately, no simple answer. Registered dietitian Daphna Steinberg says that for most adults under 50, a balanced diet is the best place to start, rather than the vitamin aisle. Rather than trying to guess what’s best for you, talk to your doctor, pharmacist or registered dietitian to know for sure!

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